Detailed description
Detection method I of syphilis
Detection of Treponema pallidum IgM antibody
Detection of Treponema pallidum IgM antibody is a new method for diagnosing syphilis in recent years. IgM antibody is a kind of immunoglobulin, which has the advantages of high sensitivity, early diagnosis, and determination of whether the fetus is infected with Treponema pallidum. The production of specific IgM antibodies is the first humoral immune response of the body after infection with syphilis and other bacteria or viruses. It is generally positive at the early stage of infection. It increases with the development of the disease, and then the IgG antibody slowly rises.
After effective treatment, IgM antibody disappeared and IgG antibody persisted. After penicillin treatment, TP IgM disappeared in the first stage syphilis patients with TP IgM positive. After penicillin treatment, the TP IgM positive patients with secondary syphilis disappeared within 2 to 8 months. In addition, the detection of TP IgM is of great significance for the diagnosis of congenital syphilis in neonates. Because the IgM antibody molecule is large, the maternal IgM antibody cannot pass through the placenta. If TP IgM is positive, the baby has been infected.
Syphilis detection method II
Molecular biological detection
In recent years, molecular biology has developed rapidly, and PCR technology has been widely used in clinical practice. The so-called PCR is polymerase chain reaction, that is, to amplify selected spirochete DNA sequences from selected materials, so as to increase the number of selected spirochete DNA copies, which can facilitate detection with specific probes, and improve the diagnostic rate.
However, this experimental method requires a laboratory with absolutely good conditions and first-class technicians, and there are few laboratories with such a high level in China at present. Otherwise, if there is pollution, you will put Treponema pallidum, and after DNA amplification, there will be Escherichia coli, which makes you sad. Some small clinics often follow the fashion. They hang a brand of PCR laboratory and eat and drink together, which can only be self deception. In fact, the diagnosis of syphilis does not necessarily require PCR, but general blood test.